This document describes how to control a VT100 terminal. The entries are of the form "name, description, escape code".
The name isn't important, and the description is just to help you find what you're looking for. What you have to do is send the "escape code" to the screen. These codes are often several characters long, but they all begin with ^[. This isn't the two characters ^ and [, but rather a representation of the ASCII code ESC (which is why these are called escape codes).
ESC has the value:
As an example of how to use this information, here's how to clear the screen in C, using the VT100 escape codes:
C
#define ASCII_ESC 27
printf( "%c[2J", ESC );
or
puts( "\033[2J" );
Name Description Esc Code
setnl LMN Set new line mode ^[[20h
setappl DECCKM Set cursor key to application ^[[?1h
setansi DECANM Set ANSI (versus VT52) none
setcol DECCOLM Set number of columns to 132 ^[[?3h
setsmooth DECSCLM Set smooth scrolling ^[[?4h
setrevscrn DECSCNM Set reverse video on screen ^[[?5h
setorgrel DECOM Set origin to relative ^[[?6h
setwrap DECAWM Set auto-wrap mode ^[[?7h
setrep DECARM Set auto-repeat mode ^[[?8h
setinter DECINLM Set interlacing mode ^[[?9h
setlf LMN Set line feed mode ^[[20l
setcursor DECCKM Set cursor key to cursor ^[[?1l
setvt52 DECANM Set VT52 (versus ANSI) ^[[?2l
resetcol DECCOLM Set number of columns to 80 ^[[?3l
setjump DECSCLM Set jump scrolling ^[[?4l
setnormscrn DECSCNM Set normal video on screen ^[[?5l
setorgabs DECOM Set origin to absolute ^[[?6l
resetwrap DECAWM Reset auto-wrap mode ^[[?7l
resetrep DECARM Reset auto-repeat mode ^[[?8l
resetinter DECINLM Reset interlacing mode ^[[?9l
altkeypad DECKPAM Set alternate keypad mode ^[=
numkeypad DECKPNM Set numeric keypad mode ^[>
setukg0 Set United Kingdom G0 character set ^[(A
setukg1 Set United Kingdom G1 character set ^[)A
setusg0 Set United States G0 character set ^[(B
setusg1 Set United States G1 character set ^[)B
setspecg0 Set G0 special chars. & line set ^[(0
setspecg1 Set G1 special chars. & line set ^[)0
setaltg0 Set G0 alternate character ROM ^[(1
setaltg1 Set G1 alternate character ROM ^[)1
setaltspecg0 Set G0 alt char ROM and spec. graphics ^[(2
setaltspecg1 Set G1 alt char ROM and spec. graphics ^[)2
setss2 SS2 Set single shift 2 ^[N
setss3 SS3 Set single shift 3 ^[O
modesoff SGR0 Turn off character attributes ^[[m
modesoff SGR0 Turn off character attributes ^[[0m
bold SGR1 Turn bold mode on ^[[1m
lowint SGR2 Turn low intensity mode on ^[[2m
underline SGR4 Turn underline mode on ^[[4m
blink SGR5 Turn blinking mode on ^[[5m
reverse SGR7 Turn reverse video on ^[[7m
invisible SGR8 Turn invisible text mode on ^[[8m
setwin DECSTBM Set top and bottom line#s of a window ^[[<v>;<v>r
cursorup(n) CUU Move cursor up n lines ^[[<n>A
cursordn(n) CUD Move cursor down n lines ^[[<n>B
cursorrt(n) CUF Move cursor right n lines ^[[<n>C
cursorlf(n) CUB Move cursor left n lines ^[[<n>D
cursorhome Move cursor to upper left corner ^[[H
cursorhome Move cursor to upper left corner ^[[;H
cursorpos(v,h) CUP Move cursor to screen location v,h ^[[<v>;<h>H
hvhome Move cursor to upper left corner ^[[f
hvhome Move cursor to upper left corner ^[[;f
hvpos(v,h) CUP Move cursor to screen location v,h ^[[<v>;<h>f
index IND Move/scroll window up one line ^[D
revindex RI Move/scroll window down one line ^[M
nextline NEL Move to next line ^[E
savecursor DECSC Save cursor position and attributes ^[7
restorecursor DECSC Restore cursor position and attributes ^[8
tabset HTS Set a tab at the current column ^[H
tabclr TBC Clear a tab at the current column ^[[g
tabclr TBC Clear a tab at the current column ^[[0g
tabclrall TBC Clear all tabs ^[[3g
dhtop DECDHL Double-height letters, top half ^[#3
dhbot DECDHL Double-height letters, bottom half ^[#4
swsh DECSWL Single width, single height letters ^[#5
dwsh DECDWL Double width, single height letters ^[#6
cleareol EL0 Clear line from cursor right ^[[K
cleareol EL0 Clear line from cursor right ^[[0K
clearbol EL1 Clear line from cursor left ^[[1K
clearline EL2 Clear entire line ^[[2K
cleareos ED0 Clear screen from cursor down ^[[J
cleareos ED0 Clear screen from cursor down ^[[0J
clearbos ED1 Clear screen from cursor up ^[[1J
clearscreen ED2 Clear entire screen ^[[2J
devstat DSR Device status report ^[5n
termok DSR Response: terminal is OK ^[0n
termnok DSR Response: terminal is not OK ^[3n
getcursor DSR Get cursor position ^[6n
cursorpos CPR Response: cursor is at v,h ^[<v>;<h>R
ident DA Identify what terminal type ^[[c
ident DA Identify what terminal type (another) ^[[0c
gettype DA Response: terminal type code n ^[[?1;<n>0c
reset RIS Reset terminal to initial state ^[c
align DECALN Screen alignment display ^[#8
testpu DECTST Confidence power up test ^[[2;1y
testlb DECTST Confidence loopback test ^[[2;2y
testpurep DECTST Repeat power up test ^[[2;9y
testlbrep DECTST Repeat loopback test ^[[2;10y
ledsoff DECLL0 Turn off all four leds ^[[0q
led1 DECLL1 Turn on LED #1 ^[[1q
led2 DECLL2 Turn on LED #2 ^[[2q
led3 DECLL3 Turn on LED #3 ^[[3q
led4 DECLL4 Turn on LED #4 ^[[4q
#
# All codes below are for use in VT52 compatibility mode.
#
setansi Enter/exit ANSI mode (VT52) ^[<
altkeypad Enter alternate keypad mode ^[=
numkeypad Exit alternate keypad mode ^[>
setgr Use special graphics character set ^[F
resetgr Use normal US/UK character set ^[G
cursorup Move cursor up one line ^[A
cursordn Move cursor down one line ^[B
cursorrt Move cursor right one char ^[C
cursorlf Move cursor left one char ^[D
cursorhome Move cursor to upper left corner ^[H
cursorpos(v,h) Move cursor to v,h location ^[<v><h>
revindex Generate a reverse line-feed ^[I
cleareol Erase to end of current line ^[K
cleareos Erase to end of screen ^[J
ident Identify what the terminal is ^[Z
identresp Correct response to ident ^[/Z
<hr>
#
# VT100 Special Key Codes
#
# These are sent from the terminal back to the computer when the
# particular key is pressed. Note that the numeric keypad keys
# send different codes in numeric mode than in alternate mode.
# See escape codes above to change keypad mode.
#
# Function Keys:
PF1 ^[OP
PF2 ^[OQ
PF3 ^[OR
PF4 ^[OS
# Arrow Keys:
Reset Set
----- ---
up ^[A ^[OA
down ^[B ^[OB
right ^[C ^[OC
left ^[D ^[OD
# Numeric Keypad Keys:
Keypad Mode
-----------------
Keypad Key Numeric Alternate
---------- ------- ---------
0 0 ^[Op
1 1 ^[Oq
2 2 ^[Or
3 3 ^[Os
4 4 ^[Ot
5 5 ^[Ou
6 6 ^[Ov
7 7 ^[Ow
8 8 ^[Ox
9 9 ^[Oy
- (minus) - ^[Om
, (comma) , ^[Ol
. (period) . ^[On
ENTER ^M ^[OM
| C | 27, 033, 0x1b |
| English | 27 decimal, 33 octal, 1b hexadecimal |